The History of Transformation from the Ideology of Pan-Islamism to Formal Leftism in Undivided India
This research paper explores the history of the evolution of formal leftism in undivided India, with special focus on the NWFP (present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) of Pakistan. Communist Party of India (CPI) was the first socialist political party of undivided India, which was originally founded in Soviet Tashkent in 1920 and was activated in undivided India in 1925. The history of the formation of CPI and formal leftism in undivided India tells us about a long process of transformation which underwent a great shift during the politically charged scenario of Khilafat-cum-Hijrat Movement. The early anti-colonial revolutionaries and the reformist leaders upholding Pan-Islamist ideology fused for a common fight against British imperialism in undivided India, which ended int widespread migration (Hijra) into Afghanistan and up and beyond Soviet Tashkent. A military school was founded in Tashkent for the training of Indian Muhajirin, and it was at this juncture that Muhajirin turned into socialist revolutionary, and who later founded formal leftism in India and Pakistan.
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Communism, Pan-Islamism, Mujahidin, Hijra, Bolshevik, Socialism
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(1) Mohammad Ayaz
Lecturer/In-Charge Chairman, Department of Pakistan Studies, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
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Cite this article
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APA : Ayaz, M. (2023). The History of Transformation from the Ideology of Pan-Islamism to Formal Leftism in Undivided India. Global International Relations Review, VI(II), 49-61. https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2023(VI-II).06
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CHICAGO : Ayaz, Mohammad. 2023. "The History of Transformation from the Ideology of Pan-Islamism to Formal Leftism in Undivided India." Global International Relations Review, VI (II): 49-61 doi: 10.31703/girr.2023(VI-II).06
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HARVARD : AYAZ, M. 2023. The History of Transformation from the Ideology of Pan-Islamism to Formal Leftism in Undivided India. Global International Relations Review, VI, 49-61.
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MHRA : Ayaz, Mohammad. 2023. "The History of Transformation from the Ideology of Pan-Islamism to Formal Leftism in Undivided India." Global International Relations Review, VI: 49-61
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MLA : Ayaz, Mohammad. "The History of Transformation from the Ideology of Pan-Islamism to Formal Leftism in Undivided India." Global International Relations Review, VI.II (2023): 49-61 Print.
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OXFORD : Ayaz, Mohammad (2023), "The History of Transformation from the Ideology of Pan-Islamism to Formal Leftism in Undivided India", Global International Relations Review, VI (II), 49-61
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TURABIAN : Ayaz, Mohammad. "The History of Transformation from the Ideology of Pan-Islamism to Formal Leftism in Undivided India." Global International Relations Review VI, no. II (2023): 49-61. https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2023(VI-II).06