References
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- Atre, S. (2013, May). US Media Framing of the Indo-Pakistan War of 1999: Religious Framing in an International Conflict? Athens, Ohio: Ohio University.
- Baran, S. J. (2004). Introduction to Mass Communication: Media Literacy and Culture. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- BIELSA, E. (2008). The pivotal role of news agencies in the context of globalization: a historical approach. Global Networks, 8(3), 347–366. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0374.2008.00199.x
- Boyd-Barrett, O. (1998). Global News Agencies. In O. Boyd-Barrett, The Globalization of News (pp. 19-34). London: Sage Publications.
- Chaudhry, A. B. (2014, August 8). Zarb-e-Azb may conclude this month, Nawaiwaqt Group: https://nation.com.pk/08-Aug-2014/zarb-e-azb-may-conclude-this-month
- Chomsky, N. (1994). Media Control: The spectacular achievements of propaganda. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA61927388
- Chong, D., & Druckman, J. N. (2007). Framing Theory. Annual Review of Political Science, 10(1), 103–126. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.10.072805.103054
- Clinton, H. R. (2014). Hard Choices. New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Cohen, C., & Chollet, D. (2007). When $10 Billion is not Enough: Rethinking U.S. Strategy toward Pakistan. Washington Quarterly, 7-19. https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/olj/twq/spr2007/07spring_cohen-chollet.pdf
- DAWN. (2014, September 3). Army says 910 'terrorists', 82 soldiers killed in North Waziristan, DAWN NEWS: https://www.dawn.com/news/1129619
- DAWN. (2017, February 22). Pakistan Army launches 'Operation Radd-ul-Fasaad' across the country, DAWN News. https://www.dawn.com/news/1316332
- Druckman, J. N. (2001). The Implications of Framing Effects for Citizen Competence.Political Behavior, 23(3), 225–256. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015006907312
- East West Communications. (2011). East West Communications. www.eastwestcoms.com/global.html
- Entman, R. M. (1991). Framing U.S. coverage of international news: Contrasts in narratives of the KAL and Iran air incidents. Journal of Communication, 41(4), 6–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1991.tb02328.x
- Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x
- Entman, R. M. (2007). Framing Bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00336.x
- Gans, H. J. (1979). Deciding What's News: A Study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, Newsweek, and Time. New York: Random House.
- Gartner, W. C. (1994). Image Formation Process. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2(2-3), 191–216. https://doi.org/10.1300/j073v02n02_12
- Iqbal, Z., & Zubair, Z. (2014). Construction of Pakistan Army in the Western Media: Discourse Analysis of Leading Articles of Time and The Economist. Journal of Political Studies, 21(2), 167. http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/pols/pdf-files/14%20-%20ZAFAR_2014_winter.pdf
- Javaid, U. (2015). Operation Zarb-e-Azb: A Successful Initiative to Curtail Terrorism. 43 South Asian Studies a Research Journal of South Asian Studies, 30(2), 43–58. http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/csas/PDF/3%20Umbreen%20Javaid_30_2.pdf
- Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1984). Choices, values, and frames. American Psychologist, 39(4), 341–350. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.39.4.341
- Karim, K. H. (2003). Islamic Peril: Media and Global Violence. Montreal: Black Rose Books.
- Macgregor, P. (2013). 3 International News Agencies: Global eyes that never blink. https://microsites.bournemouth.ac.uk/cjcr/files/2013/10/JNC-2013-Chapter-3-MacGregor.pdf
- Murphy, E., & Rashid, A. (n.d.). PAKISTAN JIHAD: THE MAKING OF RELIGIOUS TERRORISM. Retrieved May 7, 2020, from https://www.ipripak.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/art2eams2009.pdf
- Orren, G. R. (1986). Thinking about the Press and Government. In M. Linsky, Impact (pp. 1-20). New York: WW Norton.
- PILDAT. (2008, April 1). PILDAT. Retrieved January 22, 2016, from PILDAT: https://pildat.org/parliamentary- development1/pakistans-image-in-the-west
- Raja, M. (2013, March 27). Pakistani victims: War on terror toll put at 49,000, Express Tribune. https://tribune.com.pk/story/527016/pakist ani-%20victims-war-on-%20terror-toll-put-at-49000/
- Said, E. W. (1997). Covering Islam: How the Media and the Experts Determine How We See the Rest of the World. Vintage.
- Saleem, N. (2007). US media framing of foreign countries image: An analytical perspective. Canadian Journal of Media Studies, 2(1), 130-162.
- Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a Theory of Media Effects. Journal of Communication, 49(1), 103–122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02784.x
- Scheufele, D. A., & Iyengar, S. (2014). The State of Framing Research. In K. Kenski & K. H. Jamieson (Eds.), Oxford Handbooks Online. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.47
- Schutz, B. (2013, June 4). The Wheel of Persuasion. http://www.wheelofpersuasion.com/technique/emphasis-framing/
- Semetko, H. A., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2000). Framing European politics: A Content Analysis of Press and Television News. Journal of Communication, 50(2), 93–109. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02843.x
- Shoemaker, P. J., & Reese, S. D. (1996). Mediating the Message: Theories of Influences on Mass Media Content. New York: Longman.
- Siraj, S. A. (2006). Image of Pakistan in the US Media: Exploring News Framing. Carbondale: University of Southern Illinois.
- Snape, J. (2016). New York State Penal Code 2017. Wake County: Lulu Press
- The Conflict Monitoring Center. (2013, December 31). The Conflict Monitoring Center. Retrieved June 14, 2016, from The Conflict Monitoring Center: http://www.cmcpk.net/2013/12/31/considerable-escalation-in-suicide-attacks-in-2013/
- The Express Tribune. (2014, No discrimination between 'good' and 'bad' Taliban: PM, The Express Tribune: / https://tribune.com.pk/story/808258/no-discrimination-between-good-and-bad-taliban-pm-nawaz
- Wang, K., & Wang, X. (2007). National image and Olympic coverage. Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, 1– 32. http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/2/0/3/4/9/p203497_index.html
- Yousaf, S. (2015). Representation of Pakistan: A Framing Analysis of the Coverage in the US and Chinese News Media Surrounding Operation Zarb-e-Azb. International Journal of Communication, 3042–3064.
- Ali, Z. (2014). Portrayal of Pakistan by U.s. Leading News Magazines. CreateSpace.
- Atre, S. (2013, May). US Media Framing of the Indo-Pakistan War of 1999: Religious Framing in an International Conflict? Athens, Ohio: Ohio University.
- Baran, S. J. (2004). Introduction to Mass Communication: Media Literacy and Culture. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- BIELSA, E. (2008). The pivotal role of news agencies in the context of globalization: a historical approach. Global Networks, 8(3), 347–366. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0374.2008.00199.x
- Boyd-Barrett, O. (1998). Global News Agencies. In O. Boyd-Barrett, The Globalization of News (pp. 19-34). London: Sage Publications.
- Chaudhry, A. B. (2014, August 8). Zarb-e-Azb may conclude this month, Nawaiwaqt Group: https://nation.com.pk/08-Aug-2014/zarb-e-azb-may-conclude-this-month
- Chomsky, N. (1994). Media Control: The spectacular achievements of propaganda. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA61927388
- Chong, D., & Druckman, J. N. (2007). Framing Theory. Annual Review of Political Science, 10(1), 103–126. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.10.072805.103054
- Clinton, H. R. (2014). Hard Choices. New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Cohen, C., & Chollet, D. (2007). When $10 Billion is not Enough: Rethinking U.S. Strategy toward Pakistan. Washington Quarterly, 7-19. https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/olj/twq/spr2007/07spring_cohen-chollet.pdf
- DAWN. (2014, September 3). Army says 910 'terrorists', 82 soldiers killed in North Waziristan, DAWN NEWS: https://www.dawn.com/news/1129619
- DAWN. (2017, February 22). Pakistan Army launches 'Operation Radd-ul-Fasaad' across the country, DAWN News. https://www.dawn.com/news/1316332
- Druckman, J. N. (2001). The Implications of Framing Effects for Citizen Competence.Political Behavior, 23(3), 225–256. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015006907312
- East West Communications. (2011). East West Communications. www.eastwestcoms.com/global.html
- Entman, R. M. (1991). Framing U.S. coverage of international news: Contrasts in narratives of the KAL and Iran air incidents. Journal of Communication, 41(4), 6–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1991.tb02328.x
- Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x
- Entman, R. M. (2007). Framing Bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00336.x
- Gans, H. J. (1979). Deciding What's News: A Study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, Newsweek, and Time. New York: Random House.
- Gartner, W. C. (1994). Image Formation Process. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 2(2-3), 191–216. https://doi.org/10.1300/j073v02n02_12
- Iqbal, Z., & Zubair, Z. (2014). Construction of Pakistan Army in the Western Media: Discourse Analysis of Leading Articles of Time and The Economist. Journal of Political Studies, 21(2), 167. http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/pols/pdf-files/14%20-%20ZAFAR_2014_winter.pdf
- Javaid, U. (2015). Operation Zarb-e-Azb: A Successful Initiative to Curtail Terrorism. 43 South Asian Studies a Research Journal of South Asian Studies, 30(2), 43–58. http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/csas/PDF/3%20Umbreen%20Javaid_30_2.pdf
- Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1984). Choices, values, and frames. American Psychologist, 39(4), 341–350. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.39.4.341
- Karim, K. H. (2003). Islamic Peril: Media and Global Violence. Montreal: Black Rose Books.
- Macgregor, P. (2013). 3 International News Agencies: Global eyes that never blink. https://microsites.bournemouth.ac.uk/cjcr/files/2013/10/JNC-2013-Chapter-3-MacGregor.pdf
- Murphy, E., & Rashid, A. (n.d.). PAKISTAN JIHAD: THE MAKING OF RELIGIOUS TERRORISM. Retrieved May 7, 2020, from https://www.ipripak.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/art2eams2009.pdf
- Orren, G. R. (1986). Thinking about the Press and Government. In M. Linsky, Impact (pp. 1-20). New York: WW Norton.
- PILDAT. (2008, April 1). PILDAT. Retrieved January 22, 2016, from PILDAT: https://pildat.org/parliamentary- development1/pakistans-image-in-the-west
- Raja, M. (2013, March 27). Pakistani victims: War on terror toll put at 49,000, Express Tribune. https://tribune.com.pk/story/527016/pakist ani-%20victims-war-on-%20terror-toll-put-at-49000/
- Said, E. W. (1997). Covering Islam: How the Media and the Experts Determine How We See the Rest of the World. Vintage.
- Saleem, N. (2007). US media framing of foreign countries image: An analytical perspective. Canadian Journal of Media Studies, 2(1), 130-162.
- Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a Theory of Media Effects. Journal of Communication, 49(1), 103–122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02784.x
- Scheufele, D. A., & Iyengar, S. (2014). The State of Framing Research. In K. Kenski & K. H. Jamieson (Eds.), Oxford Handbooks Online. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793471.013.47
- Schutz, B. (2013, June 4). The Wheel of Persuasion. http://www.wheelofpersuasion.com/technique/emphasis-framing/
- Semetko, H. A., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2000). Framing European politics: A Content Analysis of Press and Television News. Journal of Communication, 50(2), 93–109. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02843.x
- Shoemaker, P. J., & Reese, S. D. (1996). Mediating the Message: Theories of Influences on Mass Media Content. New York: Longman.
- Siraj, S. A. (2006). Image of Pakistan in the US Media: Exploring News Framing. Carbondale: University of Southern Illinois.
- Snape, J. (2016). New York State Penal Code 2017. Wake County: Lulu Press
- The Conflict Monitoring Center. (2013, December 31). The Conflict Monitoring Center. Retrieved June 14, 2016, from The Conflict Monitoring Center: http://www.cmcpk.net/2013/12/31/considerable-escalation-in-suicide-attacks-in-2013/
- The Express Tribune. (2014, No discrimination between 'good' and 'bad' Taliban: PM, The Express Tribune: / https://tribune.com.pk/story/808258/no-discrimination-between-good-and-bad-taliban-pm-nawaz
- Wang, K., & Wang, X. (2007). National image and Olympic coverage. Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, 1– 32. http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/2/0/3/4/9/p203497_index.html
- Yousaf, S. (2015). Representation of Pakistan: A Framing Analysis of the Coverage in the US and Chinese News Media Surrounding Operation Zarb-e-Azb. International Journal of Communication, 3042–3064.
Cite this article
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APA : Zafar, A., Rahman, S. I. u., & Asif, M. (2023). Operation Zarb-e-Azb in the Global Wire Services: A Framing Analysis. Global International Relations Review, VI(II), 18-28. https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2023(VI-II).03
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CHICAGO : Zafar, Abid, Syed Inam ur Rahman, and Mariam Asif. 2023. "Operation Zarb-e-Azb in the Global Wire Services: A Framing Analysis." Global International Relations Review, VI (II): 18-28 doi: 10.31703/girr.2023(VI-II).03
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HARVARD : ZAFAR, A., RAHMAN, S. I. U. & ASIF, M. 2023. Operation Zarb-e-Azb in the Global Wire Services: A Framing Analysis. Global International Relations Review, VI, 18-28.
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MHRA : Zafar, Abid, Syed Inam ur Rahman, and Mariam Asif. 2023. "Operation Zarb-e-Azb in the Global Wire Services: A Framing Analysis." Global International Relations Review, VI: 18-28
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MLA : Zafar, Abid, Syed Inam ur Rahman, and Mariam Asif. "Operation Zarb-e-Azb in the Global Wire Services: A Framing Analysis." Global International Relations Review, VI.II (2023): 18-28 Print.
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OXFORD : Zafar, Abid, Rahman, Syed Inam ur, and Asif, Mariam (2023), "Operation Zarb-e-Azb in the Global Wire Services: A Framing Analysis", Global International Relations Review, VI (II), 18-28
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TURABIAN : Zafar, Abid, Syed Inam ur Rahman, and Mariam Asif. "Operation Zarb-e-Azb in the Global Wire Services: A Framing Analysis." Global International Relations Review VI, no. II (2023): 18-28. https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2023(VI-II).03